Dec 18, 2011 19:07
12 yrs ago
23 viewers *
Spanish term

lesiones gravísimas, graves y menos gravísimas

Spanish to English Law/Patents Law (general) derecho penal
Dos funcionarios fueron absueltos y a los seis restantes se les condenó por el delito de homicidio intencional calificado y por lesiones gravísimas, graves y menos gravísimas

Discussion

Charles Davis Dec 19, 2011:
Hi Sandro There's no doubt, I think, that this case is from Venezuela, though I won't post the reference that makes me sure of this for fear of violating confidentiality. I have posted a reference which may help to interpret the source terms, though your point about the target-language jurisdiction is very pertinent, and will probably make it difficult to decide on appropriate equivalents.
Sandro Tomasi Dec 19, 2011:
migsojo That may not be so important because the types of lesiones, if not codified, could also be categorized according to the "doctrina." However, it wouldn't hurt to know from what country. My guess is that it comes from either Col., Pan., Urug. or Ven. The other thing we must know is what is the target-language jurisdiction. For example, if this is for the US, we must know for which state specifically because it could be assault or battery. Moreover, in some states, e.g., assault is when there is an injury involved, in others it's when there is an attempted attack only, in others it's to place someone under fear or threat, and in, yet, others it could be the use of foul language toward someone.
Miguel Sojo (asker) Dec 19, 2011:
Sandro: These are two separate charges. Defendants were found guilty of homicide, as well as "lesiones..." by the way, the distiction is not made in the relevant Criminal Code, which speaks only of "lesiones personales"
Sandro Tomasi Dec 18, 2011:
migsojo Are the lesiones part of the homicidio intencional calificado or are they part of another crime? This would make a big difference in your translation. Looking at your context prima facie leads me to believe that all of the answers are wrong thus far. But it is impossible to know for sure if you do not specifiy.
lorenab23 Dec 18, 2011:
I agree with Rosa You need to find equivalents, for example
gravísimas: cuando las lesiones revistan la condición de incurable
SERIOUS BODILY INJURY
Bodily injury that involves a substantial risk of death, unconsciousness, extreme physical pain, protracted and obvious disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty. 18 USC
Rosa Paredes Dec 18, 2011:
@asker Cuidado con las suposiciones - especialmente en un contexto legal. Yo creo que primero debes buscar la definición de lesiones graves, etc. en español y luego buscar su equivalente en inglés. Se trata de 'injury severity', eso es seguro. Saludos.

Proposed translations

+4
14 mins
Selected

very serious injuries, serious injuries, less serious injuries

I suppose.

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Note added at 14 hrs (2011-12-19 10:00:59 GMT)
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obviously you will have to state the offence, itself, as, FOR EXAMPLE, "any illegal action trending to result in very serious..." or "assault leading to very serious..." or "negligence resulting in ..." or "a summary conviction offence resulting in less serious injuries..." or "an indictable offence which included very serious" or... or... or... or... Context re: source language and target language might help but you will be doing CONSIDERABLE reseach (a law degree?) to come up with equivalent terms that we will all agree upon.

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Note added at 14 hrs (2011-12-19 10:04:00 GMT)
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Incidentally, Asker, is "Dos funcionarios fueron absueltos y a los seis restantes se les condenó por el delito de homicidio intencional calificado y por lesiones gravísimas, graves y menos gravísimas" YOUR explanation or is it the actual text that you are having to translate?
Peer comment(s):

agree teresa quimper
5 mins
Thank you!
agree EirTranslations
28 mins
Thank you!
disagree Rosa Paredes : References, comparison of terms in both languages is lacking.
31 mins
My answer is purposively simple and straight forward. You can take it or leave it but I'm not providing references for something so completely understandable. As for comparing terms I would have to write a book!
agree Richard Hill
33 mins
Thank you!
agree Edward Tully
1 hr
Thank you!
agree liz askew : I would have thought this one was pretty straightforward.
3 hrs
Thank you!
agree Helena Chavarria : Me, too
4 hrs
Thank you!
disagree Sandro Tomasi : Sorry, but Asker has just said in discussion that lesiones is a charge. Injury is not a charge (crime) but rather an element of one.
7 hrs
My answer can easily be adopted to constitute offences based on severity of injury but I will be interested in seeing the answer you come up with. (I don't see people RUSHING to answer this one lol!
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Selected automatically based on peer agreement."
2 hrs

(UK approx.) very serious wounding, grievous bodily harm and lesser actual bodily harm

The hierarchy of seriousness is as in the order of the answer.

The UK Offences against the Persons Act put the offences in a different order of sections:

s. 18 wounding/'causing' GBH with intent inc. when resisting arrest - the max. sentence is life imprisonment.

s. 20 wounding/'inflicting' GBH without intent or recklessly,
Wounding means breaking the continuity of the whole skin. It does not include the rupturing of internal blood vessels (JJC (A Minor) v Eisenhower [1983]).

Max. sentence is up to 5 years' imprisonment

s. 47 ABH or aggravated assault: e.g. punching someone (usually a celebrity or public transport workers for the UK police to be bothered to arrest). 'Is a lesser included offence' - max. sentence is also up to 5 years' imprisonment.

Assault and battery are also civil equivalents, assault strictly being one of causing fear of being attacked as reflected in the
s. 39 of the UK Criminal Justice Act 1988: common assault and battery.
Example sentence:

Actus reus of ABH: 1. assault or battery 2. which causes 3. actual bodily harm en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grievous_bodily_harm

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Reference comments

7 hrs
Reference:

Definitions

This concerns a case in Venezuela, in which three people were killed and twenty-nine injured, with varying degrees of severity. The accused were police officers.

The following comes from a blog aimed at students of medicine and law. It may help to provide a basis for deciding on the equivalent terms in English. This, in turn, will clearly depend on whether the translation is for the US, the UK or some other English-speaking country. I believe the terms used vary even among different states in the US.

The strange term "lesiones menos gravísimas" may well be the one the judge used (so it was reported in the press), but I assume what was meant was "menos graves".

"CÓDIGO PENAL VENEZOLANO
Capítulo II

LESIONES MENOS GRAVES
Artículo 413. El que sin intención de matar, pero si de causarle dañó, haya ocasionado a alguna persona un sufrimiento físico, un perjuicio a la salud o una perturbación en las facultades intelectuales, será castigado con prisión de tres a doce meses.

LESIONES GRAVÍSIMAS
Artículo 414. Si el hecho ha causado una enfermedad mental o corporal, cierta o probablemente incurable, o la pérdida de algún sentido de una mano, de un pie, de la palabra, de la capacidad de engendrar o del uso de algún órgano, o si ha producido alguna herida que desfigure a la persona; en fin, si habiéndose cometido el delito contra una mujer en cinta le hubiere ocasionado el aborto, será castigado con presidio de tres a seis años.

LESIONES GRAVES
Artículo 415. Si el hecho ha causado inhabilitación permanente de algún sentido o de un órgano, dificultad permanente de la palabra o alguna cicatriz notable en la cara o si ha puesto en peligro la vida de la persona ofendida o producido alguna enfermedad mental o corporal que dure veinte días o más, o si por un tiempo igual queda la dicha persona incapacitada de entregarse a sus ocupaciones habituales, o, en fin, si habiéndose cometido el delito contra una mujer en cinta, causa un parto prematuro, la pena será de prisión de uno a cuatro años.

LESIONES LEVES
Artículo 416. Si el delito previsto en el artículo 413 hubiere acarreado a la persona ofendida, enfermedad que solo necesita asistencia medica por menos de diez días o sólo la hubiere incapacitado por igual tiempo para dedicarse a sus negocios ordinarios, u ocupaciones habituales, la pena será de arresto de tres a seis meses

LESIONES LEVÍSIMAS
Artículo 417. Si el delito previsto en el artículo 413, no solo no ha acarreado enfermedad que necesite asistencia medica, sino que tampoco ha incapacitado a la persona ofendida para dedicarse a sus negocios u ocupaciones habituales, la pena será de arresto de diez a cuarenta y cinco días"
http://medicinalegal-napoleon.blogspot.com/2008/07/lesiones-...

The headings of these articles have been added, I think, by the author of the blog and do not appear in the Venezuelan Código Penal itself, but they may well correspond to what the judge meant by the terms used, as reported in the ST.
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